New batteries can recharge in 10 minutes
Researchers say they've
developed a lithium-ion battery using nanoparticles that has more energy
capacity and recharges more quickly.
Scientists report using porous silicon nanoparticles in place of
the traditional graphite anodes has yielded superior battery performance,
holding three times as much energy as graphite-based designs and recharging
within 10 minutes.
This discovery opens the door for the design of the next
generation lithium-ion batteries.
The new batteries, which have applications from cell phones to
hybrid cars, could be commercially available within two to three years.
Previous silicon anode designs using tiny plates of the material
quickly broke down from repeated swelling and shrinking during charging/discharging
cycles.
Using this design, porous silicon nanowires less than 100
nanometers in diameter and just a few microns long are used, and the tiny pores
on the nanowires allow the silicon to expand and contract without breaking.
This also increases the surface area of the battery, allowing
lithium ions to move in and out of the battery more quickly, improving performance.
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